As you increase performance in RD250,350
and 400’s this is the basic order I take:
Stock/Unmodified Reedcage
Even on stock bikes I recommend replacing the factory steel reeds
with fiber reeds. With the money you spend when you have to rebuild one
of these engines to me worrying if one of those steel petals is going to
break off and ruin my engine just isn’t even worth it.
So there’s “basically” three options:
-Some guys like using YZ125 petals part # 55Y-13613-00-00 because the
reedcage they come off of is a 6 petal cage, they come as three
individual petal joined at the bottom, so you buy 4 of these and cut one
petal off of each reed.
- I like to use YZ85 reed petals part # 4ES-13613-00-00
they are a single petal so you buy 4, they bolt right on but you do have
to trim the front edges to narrow them just a bit at the front easy
peasy.
-Here in the US TDR makes a racing petal for the RD’s, they are a
single petal reed that bolt right on but are a little thicker than stock
YZ85 or YZ125 petals so they bias topend performace a bit.
(There are of course other brands and materials but these are 3 great
options)
The next step up would be:
Stock Modified Reedcages
For racing to move more air through these engines at some point you
just can’t afford not to at least modify the stock reedcages and some
vintage racing organizations require that you retain the stock (although
modified) reedcages.
Modifying RD/RZ Reedcages
The reedcage is one of the easiest to modify and first
attacked pieces of a 2stroke. But remember this: From the tip of the air cleaner
to the tip of the silencer your 2stroke is a series of varying sized and shaped
passages dealing with varying rpm, load and harmonics so increasing the size (or
shape) of any one point will only show a gain if that point was or has become a
restriction.
With that said this is what I've found/learned to work on RD/RZ reedcages.
2 Strokes need to move alot of air through the reedvalve
quickly. The easiest way to get the most air soonest (the quickly part) is to
have alot of reed opening area at the very tip of the reedcage so that theres
higher flow as soon as the reed opens (lower reed lifts).Since the majority of the action in a reedcage is at or starts at
the tip thats were I start. more airflow at lower reed lift is accomplished
by
moving the reed opening forward to within a mm or 2 of the tip this not only
makes the reed opening longer but makes "A" thinner less of an
obstruction. blend & shape towards the back "B" but do not knife
edge, knife edges are for knifes not for 2strokes. Next smooth the sides "C" for a little more width & less turbulence but leave at least a
mm for sealing. Next narrow the bridge, 4mm is fairly safe, 3 less safe. Modifying the back of the reed opening "D" has the least effect
due to the low reed lift there but is sometimes necessary. I use small fiber
cut-off wheels & standard burrs for the rough work & an assortment of
files & sandpaper for finishing.
I’ve
never had the opportunity to experiment with the the angle of the horizontal
divider but Tony Doukas of Tony Doukas Racing had this to say about it. “By
changing the angle of the center divider that splits the cage top and bottom
(The horizontal divider) you can alter the airflow so it pushes the reed petal
at different angles. A steeper angle will give more bottom response but affect
flow at high engine speeds. A shallow angle will have less bottom end and
create more flow at higher RPM's. This is the normal angle we use as the
Banshee engine it a mid to top end engine.”
In
higher output RD400s removing the bridge & using single petal YZ85
reeds or "TDR" (Biases top end) works great.
The next step up would be:
YZ85 Reedcages
These supply a substantial increase in reedtip area and are
single petal cages right out of the box. I use these as often as I can
because they are a large improvement in reed area, very affordable, they
don’t require as much thinning of the intake port to get them in as
any of the RZ/Banshee reedcage options do (which risks breaking through
the casting), and because they are a rubber coated cage the reeds last a
long time. I also like them because unlike using RZ/Banshee manifold with
RD cages where you have to cut off the manifolds “ears” which are
actually airflow guides.. You can narrow the RZ/Banshee manifold “ears”
by 2mm on each side with a right angle sanding tool and they slip right
in so you keep the guides and get the nice RZ/Banshee crossover ports to
boot.
The next step up would be:
Moto Tassinari V-force YZ85 Reedcages
These reedcages provide even more airflow over the Stock YZ85
reedcages.
RZ Reedcages
I haven’t dyno’d RZ350 Reedcages against YZ85 Moto Tassinari
cages yet but my seat of the pants tells me that The YZ85 Moto Tassinari
cages will out perform the of RZ350 Reed cages.
Modified RZ Reedcages
Why am I not saying RZ/Banshee Reedcages? Because the front edge of
an RZ350 reedcage is just a little bit thinnner than a Banshee reedcage
allowing you to get just a little bit more aiflow out of the RZ reedcage.
On RZ350 reedcages because theirs not much airflow at the rear of the reedcage
opening just square off the openings and concentrate on narrowing the bridge and working on the
front and sides of the reed openings increasing the airflow where it's most
effective
Removing the bridge will work on the RZ cage but I don't unless it's
absolutely
necessary as it can cause a bit of an upset at lower rpms. I don't recommend it, but if you have to
don't move the reed openings back or square off the outer rear corners of the reed
openings. This will give you about as much support as you can get without the
bridge.
Moto Tassinari V-force Banshee Reedcages
It takes some work to get them into an RD and honestly are overkill
for most RD’s but they have handled up to 120hp in Banshee engines.
TZ750 - RZ350 Reedcages
I often hear people wanting to put TZ750 reedcages in an RD or RZ but as you can see from the picture the TZ750 & RZ350 reedcages have exactly the same actual "reedcage" area & thus flow rate. TZ cages were used because at the time RZ cages weren't around yet. TZ cages required either welding an adapter plate to the cyl or redrilling the mounting holes. RZ cages have the right mounting holes already & are slightly easier to fit in an RD because of the
trimmed off edges at the base of the cage.
A good intake modification for the RDs is to use RZ350 intake manifolds with stock modified RD reedcages which allows you to use a boost
bottle or crossover tube & still retain the stock reedcage. Since the bolt
pattern is the same all you need to do is cut the 'ears' off the RZ manifolds that would fit into the RZ reedcage flush. Then put the manifold up against the
RD reedcage & mark the difference in the openings on the cage, remove the
manifold & cut there to match the two.
Spacers between the reedcage & the cylinder can be beneficial &
are used to 1) unshroud the boost port when the airpath is obstructed or poor by
design or when necessary when the boost port has been modified 2) Used to help
in fitting a larger reedcage or 3) To increase crankcase volume.
This is a common performance mod but 2 things first. 1) do you really
need it? I've personally put 70 rearwheel roadracing hp through modified RD reedcages. 2) It's time consuming. If you decide to do it be careful & take
your time & you can do this a hundred times or rush & you'll hit
daylight. Start by putting dykem on the face of the cylinders reed gasket
surface & using the mounting hole threads as a guide mark as shown those
limits have personally never let me down. now put the spacer you'll be using on
the reedcage & measure from the face of the spacer to the tip of the cage
measure that far into the intake & mark it 'all the way around' that way if
you wipe out the marks on the sides you can still judge by the top & bottom
marks. Then measure the reedcage tip & set an inside divider to that width,
you'll port from the marks at the sides of the intake gasket surface to that
width at the other marks you made inside the intake port. Now blend it in up to
the liner. Then comes the fitting.
Using 2 long points cover bolts without reeds
or reed stops on slide the cage with spacer in as far as it will go tap it a
bit, remove & port were it marks the port. Repeat till it fits then put on
the reeds & guides & repeat until it fits. Do a final cleanup & make
sure the reeds don't hang up when fully opened.